Are your students truly learning the skills you have taught them, or are they good at guessing? Using focused assessments of your students’ understanding can give you important information about their progress toward your learning targets and allow you to create lessons which will help them quickly improve. Many teachers struggle with asking the right questions, both in class and on written tests. So, how can we tell if students have mastered a skill? By carefully connecting your assessment questions to the learning targets of a lesson or unit, you will gain valuable information about your students’ current abilities. In this session, we will look at some targeted assessments and gain familiarity with different question formats, including those which leave room for student choice and creativity, practice connecting learning goals with appropriate assessment questions, and write our own assessments based on a lesson’s targeted skills.